Source code for cowbird.utils

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
import logging
import os
import sys
import types
from configparser import ConfigParser
from enum import Enum
from inspect import isclass, isfunction
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING

from pyramid.config import Configurator
from pyramid.httpexceptions import HTTPClientError, HTTPException
from pyramid.registry import Registry
from pyramid.request import Request
from pyramid.response import Response
from pyramid.settings import truthy
from requests.structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
from webob.headers import EnvironHeaders, ResponseHeaders

from cowbird import __meta__
from cowbird.constants import get_constant, validate_required

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    # pylint: disable=W0611,unused-import
    from typing import _TC  # noqa: E0611,F401,W0212 # pylint: disable=E0611
    from typing import Any, List, NoReturn, Optional, Type, Union

    from pyramid.events import NewRequest

    from cowbird.typedefs import (
        AnyHeadersType,
        AnyKey,
        AnyResponseType,
        AnySettingsContainer,
        SettingsType,
    )

[docs]CONTENT_TYPE_ANY = "*/*"
[docs]CONTENT_TYPE_JSON = "application/json"
[docs]CONTENT_TYPE_FORM = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
[docs]CONTENT_TYPE_HTML = "text/html"
[docs]CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN = "text/plain"
[docs]CONTENT_TYPE_APP_XML = "application/xml"
[docs]CONTENT_TYPE_TXT_XML = "text/xml"
[docs]FORMAT_TYPE_MAPPING = { CONTENT_TYPE_JSON: CONTENT_TYPE_JSON, CONTENT_TYPE_HTML: CONTENT_TYPE_HTML, CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN: CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN, CONTENT_TYPE_APP_XML: CONTENT_TYPE_APP_XML, CONTENT_TYPE_TXT_XML: CONTENT_TYPE_TXT_XML, "json": CONTENT_TYPE_JSON, "html": CONTENT_TYPE_HTML, "text": CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN, "plain": CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN, "xml": CONTENT_TYPE_TXT_XML,
}
[docs]SUPPORTED_ACCEPT_TYPES = [ CONTENT_TYPE_JSON, CONTENT_TYPE_HTML, CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN, CONTENT_TYPE_APP_XML, CONTENT_TYPE_TXT_XML
]
[docs]SUPPORTED_FORMAT_TYPES = list(FORMAT_TYPE_MAPPING.keys())
[docs]KNOWN_CONTENT_TYPES = SUPPORTED_ACCEPT_TYPES + [CONTENT_TYPE_FORM, CONTENT_TYPE_ANY]
[docs]def get_logger(name, level=None, force_stdout=None, message_format=None, datetime_format=None): # type: (str, Optional[int], bool, Optional[str], Optional[str]) -> logging.Logger """ Immediately sets the logger level to avoid duplicate log outputs from the `root logger` and `this logger` when `level` is ``logging.NOTSET``. """ logger = logging.getLogger(name) if logger.level == logging.NOTSET: # use package log level if it was specified via ini config with logger sections level = level or logging.getLogger(__meta__.__package__).getEffectiveLevel() if not level: # pylint: disable=C0415 # avoid circular import from cowbird.constants import COWBIRD_LOG_LEVEL level = COWBIRD_LOG_LEVEL logger.setLevel(level) if force_stdout or message_format or datetime_format: set_logger_config(logger, force_stdout, message_format, datetime_format) return logger
[docs]LOGGER = get_logger(__name__)
[docs]def set_logger_config(logger, force_stdout=False, message_format=None, datetime_format=None): # type: (logging.Logger, bool, Optional[str], Optional[str]) -> logging.Logger """ Applies the provided logging configuration settings to the logger. """ if not logger: return logger handler = None if force_stdout: all_handlers = logging.root.handlers + logger.handlers if not any(isinstance(h, logging.StreamHandler) for h in all_handlers): handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout) logger.addHandler(handler) # noqa: type if not handler: if logger.handlers: handler = logger.handlers else: handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout) logger.addHandler(handler) if message_format or datetime_format: handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(fmt=message_format, datefmt=datetime_format)) return logger
[docs]def raise_log(msg, exception=Exception, logger=None, level=logging.ERROR): # type: (str, Type[Exception], Optional[logging.Logger], int) -> NoReturn """ Logs the provided message to the logger and raises the corresponding exception afterwards. :raises exception: whichever exception provided is raised systematically after logging. """ if not logger: logger = get_logger(__name__) logger.log(level, msg) if not isclass(exception) or not issubclass(exception, Exception): exception = Exception raise exception(msg)
[docs]def bool2str(value): # type: (Any) -> str """ Converts :paramref:`value` to explicit ``"true"`` or ``"false"`` :class:`str` with permissive variants comparison that can represent common falsy or truthy values. """ return "true" if str(value).lower() in truthy else "false"
[docs]def islambda(func): # type: (Any) -> bool """ Evaluate if argument is a callable :class:`lambda` expression. """ return isinstance(func, types.LambdaType) and func.__name__ == (lambda: None).__name__ # noqa
[docs]def get_app_config(container): # type: (AnySettingsContainer) -> Configurator """ Generates application configuration with all required utilities and settings configured. """ import cowbird.constants # pylint: disable=C0415 # to override specific constants/variables # override INI config path if provided with --paste to gunicorn, otherwise use environment variable config_settings = get_settings(container) config_env = get_constant("COWBIRD_INI_FILE_PATH", config_settings, raise_missing=True) config_ini = (container or {}).get("__file__", config_env) if config_ini != config_env: cowbird.constants.COWBIRD_INI_FILE_PATH = config_ini config_settings["cowbird.ini_file_path"] = config_ini settings = get_settings_from_config_ini(config_ini) settings.update(config_settings) print_log("Setting up loggers...", LOGGER) log_lvl = get_constant("COWBIRD_LOG_LEVEL", settings, "cowbird.log_level", default_value="INFO", raise_missing=False, raise_not_set=False, print_missing=True) # apply proper value in case it was in ini AND env since up until then, only env was check # we want to prioritize the ini definition cowbird.constants.COWBIRD_LOG_LEVEL = log_lvl LOGGER.setLevel(log_lvl) print_log("Validate settings that require explicit definitions...", LOGGER) validate_required(settings) # avoid cornice conflicting with pyramid exception views settings["handle_exceptions"] = False # create configurator or use one defined as input to preserve previous setup/include/etc. config = Configurator() if not isinstance(container, Configurator) else container config.setup_registry(settings=settings) # don't use scan otherwise modules like 'cowbird.adapter' are # automatically found and cause import errors on missing packages print_log("Including Cowbird modules...", LOGGER) config.include("pyramid_mako") config.include("cowbird") # NOTE: don't call 'config.scan("cowbird")' to avoid parsing issues with colander/cornice, # add them explicitly with 'config.include(<module>)', and then they can do 'config.scan()' return config
[docs]def get_settings_from_config_ini(config_ini_path, section=None): """ Loads configuration INI settings with additional handling. """ parser = ConfigParser() parser.optionxform = lambda option: option # preserve case of config (default applies lowercase) result = parser.read([config_ini_path]) # raise silently ignored missing file if len(result) != 1 or not os.path.isfile(result[0]): if result: result = result[0] or os.path.abspath(str(config_ini_path)) # in case not found, use expected location message = "Cannot find INI configuration file [{}] resolved as [{}]".format(config_ini_path, result) else: message = "Cannot find INI configuration file [{}]".format(config_ini_path) raise ValueError(message) if section is None: section = "app:{}_app".format(__meta__.__package__) return dict(parser.items(section=section))
[docs]def get_json(response): """ Retrieves the 'JSON' body of a response using the property/callable according to the response's implementation. """ if isinstance(response.json, dict): return response.json return response.json()
[docs]def get_header(header_name, header_container, default=None, split=None): # type: (str, AnyHeadersType, Optional[str], Optional[Union[str, List[str]]]) -> Optional[str] """ Retrieves ``header_name`` by fuzzy match (independently of upper/lower-case and underscore/dash) from various framework implementations of ``Headers``. If ``split`` is specified, the matched ``header_name`` is first split with it and the first item is returned. This allows to parse complex headers (e.g.: ``text/plain; charset=UTF-8`` to ``text/plain`` with ``split=';'``). :param header_name: header to find. :param header_container: where to look for `header_name`. :param default: value to returned if `header_container` is invalid or `header_name` could not be found. :param split: character(s) to use to split the *found* `header_name`. """ def fuzzy_name(name): return name.lower().replace("-", "_") if header_container is None: return default headers = header_container if isinstance(headers, (ResponseHeaders, EnvironHeaders, CaseInsensitiveDict)): headers = dict(headers) if isinstance(headers, dict): headers = header_container.items() header_name = fuzzy_name(header_name) for h, v in headers: if fuzzy_name(h) == header_name: if isinstance(split, str) and len(split) > 1: split = [c for c in split] if hasattr(split, "__iter__") and not isinstance(split, str): for sep in split: v = v.replace(sep, split[0]) split = split[0] return (v.split(split)[0] if split else v).strip() return default
[docs]def convert_response(response): # type: (AnyResponseType) -> Response """ Converts a :class:`requests.Response` object to an equivalent :class:`pyramid.response.Response` object. Content of the :paramref:`response` is expected to be JSON. :param response: response to be converted :returns: converted response """ if isinstance(response, Response): return response json_body = get_json(response) pyramid_response = Response(body=json_body, headers=response.headers) if hasattr(response, "cookies"): for cookie in response.cookies: pyramid_response.set_cookie(name=cookie.name, value=cookie.value, overwrite=True) # noqa if isinstance(response, HTTPException): for header_name, header_value in response.headers._items: # noqa # pylint: disable=W0212 if header_name.lower() == "set-cookie": pyramid_response.set_cookie(name=header_name, value=header_value, overwrite=True) return pyramid_response
[docs]def get_settings(container): # type: (AnySettingsContainer) -> SettingsType if isinstance(container, (Configurator, Request)): return container.registry.settings # noqa if isinstance(container, Registry): return container.settings if isinstance(container, dict): return container raise TypeError("Could not retrieve settings from container object [{}]".format(type(container)))
[docs]def fully_qualified_name(obj): # type: (Union[Any, Type[Any]]) -> str """ Obtains the ``'<module>.<name>'`` full path definition of the object to allow finding and importing it. """ cls = obj if isclass(obj) or isfunction(obj) else type(obj) return ".".join([obj.__module__, cls.__name__])
[docs]def log_request_format(request): # type: (Request) -> str return "{!s} {!s} {!s}".format(request.method, request.host, request.path)
[docs]def log_request(event): # type: (NewRequest) -> None """ Subscriber event that logs basic details about the incoming requests. """ request = event.request # type: Request LOGGER.info("Request: [%s]", log_request_format(request)) if LOGGER.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG): def items_str(items): return "\n ".join(["{!s}: {!s}".format(h, items[h]) for h in items]) if len(items) else "-" header_str = items_str(request.headers) params_str = items_str(request.params) body_str = str(request.body) or "-" LOGGER.debug("Request details:\n" "URL: %s\n" "Path: %s\n" "Method: %s\n" "Headers:\n" " %s\n" "Parameters:\n" " %s\n" "Body:\n" " %s", request.url, request.path, request.method, header_str, params_str, body_str)
[docs]def log_exception_tween(handler, registry): # noqa: F811 """ Tween factory that logs any exception before re-raising it. Application errors are marked as ``ERROR`` while non critical HTTP errors are marked as ``WARNING``. """ def log_exc(request): try: return handler(request) except Exception as err: lvl = logging.ERROR exc = True if isinstance(err, HTTPClientError): lvl = logging.WARNING exc = False LOGGER.log(lvl, "Exception during request: [%s]", log_request_format(request), exc_info=exc) raise err return log_exc
[docs]def is_json_body(body): # type: (Any) -> bool if not body: return False try: json.loads(body) except (ValueError, TypeError): return False return True
# note: must not define any enum value here to allow inheritance by subclasses
[docs]class ExtendedEnum(Enum): """ Utility :class:`enum.Enum` methods. Create an extended enum with these utilities as follows:: class CustomEnum(ExtendedEnum): ItemA = "A" ItemB = "B" """ @classmethod
[docs] def names(cls): # type: () -> List[str] """ Returns the member names assigned to corresponding enum elements. """ return list(cls.__members__)
@classmethod
[docs] def values(cls): # type: () -> List[AnyKey] """ Returns the literal values assigned to corresponding enum elements. """ return [m.value for m in cls.__members__.values()] # pylint: disable=E1101
@classmethod
[docs] def get(cls, key_or_value, default=None): # type: (AnyKey, Optional[Any]) -> Optional[_TC] """ Finds an enum entry by defined name or its value. Returns the entry directly if it is already a valid enum. """ # Python 3.8 disallow direct check of 'str' in 'enum' members = [member for member in cls] if key_or_value in members: # pylint: disable=E1133 return key_or_value for m_key, m_val in cls.__members__.items(): # pylint: disable=E1101 if key_or_value == m_key or key_or_value == m_val.value: # pylint: disable=R1714 return m_val return default
# taken from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6760685/creating-a-singleton-in-python # works in Python 2 & 3
[docs]class SingletonMeta(type): """ A metaclass that creates a Singleton base class when called. Create a class such that. .. code-block:: python class A(object, metaclass=SingletonMeta): pass class B(object, metaclass=SingletonMeta): pass a1 = A() a2 = A() b1 = B() b2 = B() a1 is a2 # True b1 is b2 # True a1 is b1 # False """
[docs] _instances = {}
[docs] def __call__(cls, *args, **kwargs): if cls not in cls._instances: cls._instances[cls] = super(SingletonMeta, cls).__call__(*args, **kwargs) return cls._instances[cls]
[docs]class NullType(object, metaclass=SingletonMeta): """ Represents a null value to differentiate from None. """
[docs] def __repr__(self): return "<null>"
@staticmethod
[docs] def __nonzero__(): return False
[docs] __bool__ = __nonzero__
[docs] __len__ = __nonzero__
[docs]null = NullType() # pylint: disable=C0103,invalid-name
[docs]def is_null(item): return isinstance(item, NullType) or item is null